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Лимитроф в современном геополитическом процессе

Комлева Н.А.

Лимитроф в современном геополитическом процессе

Комлева Наталья Александровна, доктор политических наук, профессор, профессор кафедры теории и истории политической науки Уральского федерального университета им. Б.Н. Ельцина (Екатеринбург). E-mail: komleva1@yandex.ru

В статье впервые в русскоязычной научной литературе рассматривается проблема сущности, структуры и функций лимитрофов в рамках современного геополитического процесса. Утверждается, что создание и использование лимитрофов на рубеже XX–XXI веков превратилось в целенаправленно применяемую геополитическую технологию, которой пользуются не только мощные государства, но и акторы негосударственной природы. Вводится понятие «государство-тьютор» применительно к иерархии государств в лимитрофе. Анализируется структура лимитрофа сверхдержавы. Впервые рассматривается феномен лимитрофа глобальной корпорации как актора негосударственной природы, а также феномен лимитрофов в нетерриториальных геополитических пространствах.

Ключевые слова: лимитроф, геополитические пространства, геополитическая технология, государство-тьютор, негосударственные акторы.

Komleva N.A. Limitrophe in the Modern Geopolitical Process

Natalia A. Komleva, Doctor of Political Science, Professor, B. El’tsyn Ural Federal University (Ekaterinburg). E-mail: komleva1@yandex.ru

For the first time in Russian scientific literature the article analyzes the issue of the essence, structure & functions of limitrophes into modern geopolitical process. The author stresses the creation of limitrophes being the purposeful geopolitical technology of nowadays using both by state & non-state natured actors. For the first time in Russian scientific literature there are in the article such notions as ‘tutor state’, ‘limitrophes of non-territorial geopolitical spaces’, ‘global corporations’ limitrophes’, and the structure of the superpower limitrophe is analyzed.

As to the author, nowadays inside the limitrophe there are not only the border states of a definite power but the states & non-state natured actors, and their geopolitical spaces are upon the strong control of the powerful actor being at the case the limitrophe tutor. Thus limitrophes exist not in geographical space only, but in economical & ideological spaces as well. As a limitrophe element there may be an actor of state or non-state nature, being far from the tutor in geographical space frames, but strongly included to economical & ideological spaces of the tutor & suffering political control from its side.

For its geopolitical struggle a tutor needs much less its own resources because of using the limitrophe spaces resources. That’s why a limitrophe creation technology uses both liberal and non-liberal powerы for the purpose of defense & expansion as well.

Limitrophes are artificial borders. Thus one may distinguish a tutor power space itself & its limitrophe space as well. The superpower has the largest space of its limitroph amongst all the states of the epoch. It consists of geopolitical spaces of the great global powers, geopolitical spaces of the great regional powers, those of regional powers & of so called small states (having insignificant space & might). Limitrophe states usually need their tutor’s financial & military support and that’s why they are inside the limitrophe. The real capacities & possibilities of a determined limitrophe state depend on its geopolitical status. The higher it is the mighty they are in the interaction with its geopolitical tutor — and vice versa.

Inside the mighty actor’s limitrophe there are the limitrophes of less mighty actors. So they interact not only as friends or allies, there might be the conflict of interests as well.

Keywords: limitrophe, geopolitical spaces, geopolitical technology, tutor state, non-state actors.

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